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Culham is a village and civil parish in a bend of the River Thames, south of Abingdon in Oxfordshire. The parish includes Culham Science Centre and the European School, Culham. The parish is bounded by the Thames to the north, west and south, and by present and former field boundaries to the east. It is low-lying and fairly flat, rising from the Thames floodplain in the south to a north-facing escarpment in the north up to above sea level.〔(Ordnance survey website )〕 The 2011 Census recorded its population as 453. ==Manor== The toponym comes from the Old English ''Cula's hamm'', referring to the village's position in a bend of the Thames. Culham is known to have existed by the reign of King Coenwulf of Mercia early in the 9th century, by which time the manor belonged to Abingdon Abbey. Soon after the Norman conquest of England part of the manor was seized by William the Conqueror, but the land was restored to the abbey and remained in its possession until the dissolution of the monasteries in 1538.〔Lobel, Mary 1962, pp. 27-39〕 The west wing of Culham Manor was built in the 15th century as a mediaeval grange for Abingdon Abbey. It is half-timbered, with a stone ground floor and timber-framed first floor. In 1610 it was extended with a new north front and east wing. The east wing was later demolished but the 17th century north front survives.〔 The house is a Grade II * Listed building. In 1685 a dovecote was built for the manor house. It too is now Grade II * listed. North of the house is a 17th-century sundial mounted on a 13th-century column. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Culham」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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